The TENS device: Your aid in pain management

Pain can have a variety of causes.

• Muscle tension
• Chronic diseases
• Acute injuries

For many people, daily dealing with pain means a significant limitation of their quality of life. While painkillers can be a solution, many seek alternative, less invasive methods to alleviate their discomfort. This is where the TENS device (Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation) comes into play, a technique that is becoming increasingly popular for treating pain naturally.

In this article, we will go into detail about how the TENS device works, what benefits it offers, and what you should consider when using it.

What is a TENS device?

A TENS device is a small, portable medical device that delivers electrical impulses to the skin to relieve pain. These impulses are transmitted to the nerves via electrodes placed directly on the skin. The electrical impulses can work in two ways:

• They block the pain signals sent from the affected nerves to the brain
• They promote the release of endorphins, the body's natural painkillers

This method has proven particularly effective in treating back pain, joint pain, and muscle tension.

When does the health insurance cover the cost of a TENS device?

A common concern for users is whether and when the health insurance covers the cost of a TENS device. In principle, coverage by health insurance is possible, but under certain conditions.

1. Most of the time, the cost is only covered if the device is prescribed by a doctor. Generally, the doctor must demonstrate that the use of a TENS device is medically necessary for the treatment of chronic pain or other health problems.
2. Cost coverage can also depend on the health insurance company, so it is advisable to clarify the conditions with your own health insurance before purchasing a device.

Frequency of application and duration of use

The frequency and duration of using a TENS device depend on the type of pain and the intensity of the symptoms. For most users, it is recommended to use the device several times a day for 15 to 30 minutes.

Important: However, it is advisable to discuss the exact frequency of use with a doctor, as the skin may become irritated if used too frequently. Also, too strong an intensity of the impulses can be unpleasant or lead to overstimulation, which is why a gradual adjustment of the intensity is sensible.

Step-by-step guide to using a TENS device

Using a TENS device is relatively simple but requires some care to achieve the best results and avoid possible risks. Here is a step-by-step guide to help you use the device correctly:

1. Preparing the device:

   • Ensure that the TENS device is fully charged or equipped with fresh batteries if it is a battery-operated model.

   • Insert the electrodes into the designated places on the device if they are not already pre-installed.

2. Position the electrodes:

   • Clean the skin in the area where you want to attach the electrodes. Make sure the area is free of oil, lotions, or other impurities to ensure optimal adhesion and effectiveness of the electrodes.

   • Attach the electrodes to the skin. Make sure they are placed near the painful area, but avoid placing them directly on open wounds or skin irritations. The electrodes should not overlap but should be placed about 2-3 cm apart.

3. Make device settings:

   • Turn on the TENS device and set the desired intensity. Start with a low intensity to see how your body reacts to the stimulation.

   • Select the appropriate program depending on the type of pain you want to treat (e.g., for acute pain or muscle relaxation). Most devices offer preset programs that can be easily selected.

4. Start of application:

   • Once the device is turned on and the intensity is set, the stimulation should begin. You will feel a slight tingling or prickling sensation on the skin, which is normal. Ensure that the pain area is not intensely stimulated to the point of discomfort. The strength of the impulses should be set so that you feel the stimulation but do not experience pain.

5. Duration of application:

   • The recommended duration of use is between 15 and 30 minutes. You should not conduct the treatment for longer than the recommended time to avoid skin irritation or overstimulation.

   • During the application, you should relax and let the treatment take its course. Avoid moving too much during the application, as this could shift the electrodes and impair the effect.

6. End of treatment:

   • After the set treatment time, turn off the device. Carefully remove the electrodes from the skin without pulling on the wires.

   • Gently clean the skin area with a damp cloth to remove any adhesive residue or skin particles.

7. After the application:

   • Check the skin for possible redness or irritation. These usually disappear within a short time. If you notice skin irritation, you should reduce the application or consult a doctor.

   • Make sure to thoroughly clean the electrodes after each use and store them in a clean, dry place to extend their lifespan.

Which TENS device should you choose?

Choosing the right TENS device depends on several factors. First of all, it is important to pay attention to the variety of functions of the device. Most devices offer different programs that are tailored to different types and intensities of pain. A good device should also offer the possibility to adjust the intensity of the impulses, allowing you to optimally adapt the treatment to your needs. Portability and user-friendliness are also decisive criteria. Most TENS devices are designed to be easy to use and offer a long battery life, which is especially important if the device is used regularly. The quality of the electrodes also plays an important role, as well-adhering and conductive electrodes ensure an even and effective treatment.

The effectiveness of TENS

The effectiveness of TENS devices is described as very positive by many users, especially in the treatment of

• chronic back pain
• joint problems 
• muscle tension

Electrical stimulation helps alleviate pain and improve the quality of life for many patients. Studies have shown that the use of TENS is an effective alternative or supplement to medication in many cases, especially when people do not want or cannot take painkillers.

The effect is based on two main mechanisms:

1. On the one hand, electrical stimulation blocks the pain signals that are transmitted to the brain via the nerves.
2. On the other hand, it leads to the release of endorphins, which have a pain-relieving effect.

In both cases, the perception of pain is reduced, which means noticeable relief for the patient.

Risks and side effects

Although TENS devices are generally safe, there are some aspects you should consider when using them. People with a pacemaker or other implanted medical devices should refrain from using TENS, as the electrical impulses may interfere with the function of these devices. Similarly, use during pregnancy, especially in the abdominal area, is not recommended. If you have skin irritations or open wounds, the device should also not be used to avoid worsening skin health.

It is advisable to consult a doctor before using a TENS device, especially if you have pre-existing conditions or are unsure whether the application is suitable for you.

Conclusion: Is a TENS device useful?

For many people, the TENS device is a valuable aid in pain management. Especially if you suffer from chronic pain or are looking for a gentle alternative to painkillers, the TENS device can be an effective solution. It is easy to use, non-invasive, and can be applied as needed. However, as with any therapy, it is important to discuss use with a doctor and to follow application guidelines.

Choosing the right TENS device should be done carefully. It is worthwhile to pay attention to quality and functionality to achieve effective and long-term pain relief. If you choose a TENS device, remember that it can be a valuable addition to other forms of therapy – but always in consultation with your doctor.